Device for increasing the water circulation and for decreasing boiler resistances to flow in central heating plants



Sept. 22, 1931. SCHUNEMANN 1,824,574 DEVICE FOR INCREASING THE WATER CIRCULATION AND FOR DECRBASING BOILER RESISTANCES To FLOW IN CENTRAL HEATING PLANTS iled June 17, 1929 Patented Sept. 22, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE EMIL SCH'CNEMANN, OF HAMBURG, GERMANY DEVICE FOR INCREASING THE WATER CIRCULATION AND FOR DECREASING BOILER RESISTANCES TO FLOW IN CENTRAL HEATING PLANTS Application filed. June 17, 1929 serial No..371,605, and in Germany June 25, 1928,,

It is a well-known fact that, in order to peratures in the descending and ascending pipes in central heating plants, there must,

be a rapid circulation ofv water through the plant. For this reason attempts have already been made, in the case of large plants, for instance to interpose pumps, but the results obtained in this way have not been satisfactory. Quite apart from this, it must be borne in mind'that such pumps, if installed in plants of small or medium size, wouldbe too costly and would occupy. too much space.

The present invention starts from the knowledge that the two obstructions to a sufficiently quick circulation of the water are first, the insufliciently high temperature in the ascending ipe, and second, considerable resistances to 50w in the boilers. These resistances are especially large in the case of the much used sectional boilers, the various sections of which are connected by means of nipples; and it is generally known that, owing to the reduction of the cross sections due to nipple connections, the water leaving the refiow distributes itself so that more water flows through in the first few sections than in the others.

In order to raise the temperature in the ascending pipe and to diminish the boiler resistances, the invention provides for the installation of a water heating coil in the boiler and of one or more distributor pipes in connection with the pipes feeding the boiler and withdrawing water from it. Whereas the former installation causes the temperature in the ascending pipe to rise, the dis tributor pipes are intended to replace the different contractions of the cross sections by a uniform through-flow section.

One end of the coil is connected to the distributor pipe of the re-flow, whereas the other end, after'the manner of an injector, is joined to the ascending pipe, which, in its turn, is connected with the distributor pipes in the fore-flow.- e

Thespecial efi'ect of thus connecting the water heating coil and the distributor pipes is that the re-flow of the coil brings about a suction efi'ect in the pipe installed in the rethe water enters the boiler sections are 'arranged side by side to one another at an angle to the horizontal plane. More particularly, the openings admitting water to the front sections are arranged underneath the horizontal middle-line, and those up to the last section are made to rise slantingly to the horizontal middle-line of the pipe, i. e., somewhat after the manner of a spiral. In the fore-flow, on the other hand, all the openings are arranged in the horizontal middle-line of the distributor pipe.

In the accompanying drawings the object of the invention is shownas adapted to a concrete case. The various figures show:

Fig. 1-1ongitudinal section of the invention as installed in a sectional boiler.

Fig. 2cross section of the same.

The water heating coil ((1) is somewhat semi-circular in shape and has been adapted, in its shape, to that of the furnace (b) of the sectional boiler. (Cf. Fig. 112). One end of the coil has been suitably introduced, after the manner of an injector, into the foreflow of the plant (a), this being efl'ected by means of the pipe (1) The other end of .the coil is joined, by means of the pipe (d), to the distributor pipe (g), said pipe being situated at the opposite end of the water admission to the boiler, i. e., opposite to the reflow pipe of the plant (e). The distributor pipe (9) is provided with the openings (IL) on the side of the boiler sections. These openings are located, as may be seen from Figure 1, below the middle-line of the pipe as far as the first few sections are concerned, but they rise up to the level of the middle-line in the case of the succeeding sections.- This mode of arranging the openings ensures that the water leaves the pipe (9) and enters the boiler sections in a uniform manner and without the formation of any eddies. It is advisable to connect the pipe (11) to the dision tributor pipe (9) in nozzle-like fashion by means of the cone (n), so that the water is enabled to flow to the last boiler section in a uniform manner and without any eddies.

The water whichinow rises uniformly inthe sections, flows uniformly into the upper distributor pipe (11) of the boiler pipe. There I the admission 0 enings (In) are located on the side of the pipe, symmetrical to the middie-lines of the latter.

Aconnecton (0) may be made to branch off from the pre-flow (l) of the water heating coil ((1) to a boiler. In this way it will be possible to feed another boiler for a time, a matter which until now, owing to the low temperature in the fore-flow (about 45 or 50 degrees), was not possible by means of one bo1ler only.

Such branching-oil makes it also possible to convey the admission pipe and the suction pipe-in the case of heating plants not functioning satisfactorily-to that part of a plant which functions unsatisfactorily. In

this way the circulating eflect of the waterheating coil may be directed to different parts of the plant to increase the heat at such part and thereby induce-a more ready circulation.

In order to prevent the coil from bemg completely turned off in the event of the valve concerned being inadvertently ad usted the wrong way, a perfnanent through-flow opening of small cross sectionhas been provided for valve (p).

What I claim to be new is:

1. A device forincreasing the water circulation and tending to equalize the return flow within a boiler, comprising a distributer pipe receiving the return flow of the water and delivering it at a plurality of points within the boiler, an outlet pipe for delivering hot water from the boiler, and a water heating coil having the inlet end in communication with the distributer pipe to thereby create a suction on the water flowing through said pipe, the outlet end of the coil connected to the outlet pipe for delivering the flow from the coil into the heated water flowing from the boiler at a. point beyond the boiler.

2. A device for use in central heating plants and serving to increase the water circ'ulation and decrease the boiler resistance to returnflow, comprising a distributer pipe arranged within the'boiler and receiving the return flbw, said distributer pipe being formed with a plurality of openings for delivering the water of the return flow at spaced points in the boiler, an outlet pipe for the delivery of hot water from the boiler, a water heatingcoil having the inlet end in communication with the distributer pipe to thereby create a suction in said pipe and having its outlet connected to said boiler outlet -P. P 3, A heating plant including a bo1ler, an 5 outflow pipe'therefrom, an inflow pipe thereto, a distributer pipe connected with the inflow ipe and arranged within the boiler, said distributer pipe being formed with a plurality of openings to deliver the inflow of .water at spaced points in the'boiler,-'and a Water heating coil having its inlet endconnected with the distributer pipe at a point remote from the connection of the latter and theinflow pipe, the ,outlet of the coil being connected with the outflow pipe. from the boiler at a point beyond the boiler.

4. A heating plant including. a boiler, an outflow pipe therefrom, an inflow pipe thereto, a distributer pipe connected with the'inflow pipe and arranged within' the boiler, said distributer pipe being formed with a plurality of openlngs to deliver the inflow of Water at spaced points in the boiler, and a water heating coil having its inlet end connected with the distributer-pipe at a point remote from the connection of the latter and the inflow pipe, the outlet of the coil being connected with the outflow pipe from the boiler at a point beyond the boiler, the openings in the distributer pipe being arranged at decreasing angles to the direction of flow of the waterin said boiler in order to present successively decreasing resistance to the out flow of, water therefrom fromthe point of connection of the distributer pipe to the in- 5. In a boiler heating plant, a distributer pipearranged within the boiler and receivmg the inflow to the boiler, saidfpipe being formed with a plurality of outlets for delivering the inflow of water at spaced points in the boiler, an outflow pipe for said boiler, a water heating coil, a suction nozzle forming the inlet to the coil and arranged incornmunication with the distributer pipe, and an injector at the outflow end of the coil leadin into the outflow pipe of the boiler at a polnt beyond the boiler. 6. A heating plant including a boiler, an outflow pipe therefrom, an inflow pipe thereto, a distributer pipe connected with the inflow pipe and arranged within the boiler, said distributer pipe being formed with' a: phi" rality of openings to deliver theinflow of water at spaced points in the boiler, a superheater coil having its inlet end connected with the distributer pipe at a point remote from the connection of the latter and the inflow pipe, the outflow pipe of the coil being connected with the outflow pipe from the boiler at a point beyond the boiler, and a lead from the outflow pipe of the superheater coil whereby the effect of the superheater coil may be distributed to other tem.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.-

EMIL SCHITNEMAN N.

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